Cet article s’intéresse aux nouvelles formes de l’amitié, dérivées des potentialités de contacts entre réalité et virtualité, et à leurs conséquences sur l’aménagement de la subjectivation à l’adolescence. Nous proposons une réflexion sur ces nouvelles formes « d’amitiés connectées » et nous discutons le risque de dérives passionnelles venant potentiellement bloquer ou pathologiser le second processus de séparation-individuation.
En las sociedades tradicionales de África del oeste, cada año los numerosos adolescentes son designados, ritualmente, por los pares para ser candidatos a la inmigración. El cumplimiento de la « misión » que les es asignada podrá acabar sólo a precio de una apropiación subjectiva de su destino.
The article deals with the way in which the eruption of the species during puberty is echoed in the individual subjectivity of the adolescent. After observing the upheavals Freud caused in the Darwinian conception of species, we explore the dialectic between individual and species through the case of Victor, an adolescent in therapy. We analyze transgenerational and group bonds which, because of their collective character, may be considered as psychical equivalents of species for the individual. The flame of existence nonetheless is eternalized in the form of fantasies of transmission and of generation, when in addition to the difference of generations, the difference between the sexes and finiteness of the individuals can be accepted.
Through the case of Wu-Ying, a psychotic teenager, we try to show what paths the psychical work can take. The choice of a transitional area composed of three people, associating a French teacher and a psycho-pedagogue – both clinical psychologists – and the company of an original literary work, Feather, by Henri Michaux, have allowed Wu-Ying to subjectivate his history, thanks to the dynamic play of passivation and drive activity.
At a time of technological changes, the contemporary adolescent fashions new modes of intersubjective organization (sms, chat, mail, networks, etc.) by producing multiple figures of his new reference points. The author invites the reader to follow the chaotic movement of this evolution, piecemeal, as suggested by this fragmentary mode that runs counter to the abecedary.
Using the individual psychotherapeutic treatment of a thirteen year-old patient, Clementine<i></i>, we will explore the possible repercussions of a sisterly bond that is too strong, and how it may sometimes prove a hindrance to the separation/individuation process. Carried to an extreme in the fantasy of twinship, it leads to an Ego with vague contours, and the pursuit of a relation that may be harmful to a subject with fragile narcissism. There is lack of differentiation between bodies and psyches. Anorexia will burst this specular bubble when only one of the subjects reaches physiological puberty. Clinical interviews in the space for physical and psychic separation the hospital setting provides shed light on the issues and the limits of the establishment of subjectivation work.
The image of a chain of paper dolls comes to mind to help the clinical psychologist working in a juvenile detention center to envision adolescents caught in a chain marked by the fraternal, the horizontal, and the norm. The author presents his practice in the prison itself: the displacement of the psychologist towards the adolescent in his incarcerated condition, with the interposition of a clinical setting. This can open the way for the adolescent towards a work of psychical differentiation and subjectivation. A clinical illustration bears witness to an adolescent’s journey in the encounter with the psychologist, from the « we » to the « I », with a chessboard turning out to be an important object in this case.
The description of a therapy group using the mediating forms of dance and writing in a day-hospital shows how unsymbolized memory traces emerge and are transformed through group associations, both corporal and verbal. Thus new representations of the body and its origins – vectors of subjectivation – are created.
By means of a case study, the authors demonstrate the importance of a psycho-phenomenological therapeutic setting, which brings together a phenomenological component, where work that enacts primal processes in and through movement, and a psychoanalytical component where primary and secondary processes can be endowed with representation. The proposed psychotherapy enables the adolescent, who is locked into passages to the act, to metabolize his aggressiveness in a new way.
La description d’un groupe thérapeutique à médiation danse et écriture, en hôpital de jour, montre comment des traces mnésiques non symbolisées émergent et se transforment à travers l’associativité groupale, corporelle et verbale. Sont ainsi créées de nouvelles représentations du corps et des origines, vectrices de subjectivation.
Adolescence, 2014, 32, 2, 389-400.
Revue semestrielle de psychanalyse, psychopathologie et sciences humaines, indexée AERES au listing PsycINFO publiée avec le concours du Centre National du Livre et de l’Université de Paris Diderot Paris 7