When childhood dysharmonies are included in autism spectrum disorders, we should ask ourselves what is their place in psychopathology. If these initially fragile children can benefit from very early intervention, they can quickly make up for the enormous difficulties they had out the outset. This highlights the importance of early detection of these pathologies through the combined knowledge of devellopment, psychic function and theories of intersubjectivity.
The concept of borderline state follows upon concepts of developmental heterochronicity (A. Freud) and developmental dysharmony (R. Mises). It can be found today under the heading of MDD (Multiple Developmental Disorder) in the child and adolescent, and the presence of MSDD (Multi-System Developmental Disorder) may be an early sign of it in the very young child. What is the continuity between these distortions of the baby’s interactions and adolescent borderline pathologies?
According to the ideas of Piera Aulagnier, we find at the heart of adolescence a fundamental phenomenon of auto-alteration. Indeed, the prerequisite for any adolescent process is to have a certain number of steady anchors which can ensure the permanence and reliability of identifications. Only the assurance of persistence will open up the gamut of identifying positions, while fostering the subject’s tolerance of “auto-modifications of oneself”.
The author analyzes the conditions that link the entry into adolescence with access to a temporal order that protects the subject from the confusion of time that is proper to psychosis. This is only possible if the I, in the midst of childhood, can build a memory reserve in which will be kept certain elements, moments, snatches of one’s own libidinal history. But on this memory reserve must depend the fantasmatic capital that the I must be able to use fully if its memory is to remain endowed with the emotional power without which any new encounter will be divested of the power to enjoy and to suffer.
Adolescence, 2015, 33, 4, 713-740.
Revue semestrielle de psychanalyse, psychopathologie et sciences humaines, indexée AERES au listing PsycINFO publiée avec le concours du Centre National du Livre et de l’Université de Paris Diderot Paris 7